Natural Disasters and Avalanches

This web page provides information about the causes of avalanches, their threat to humans, and what can be done to minimize this hazard. Discover survival techniques that will keep you alive in a slide.

What is an Avalanche?

An avalanche is a mass of snow, ice, and rocks that travels down a mountainside quickly.

Causes of Avalanches

Avalanches can be caused by many triggers. An increase in temperature can cause snow to break away. Another common cause is overloading. This is when the weight of the snow becomes too heavy, causing a slide. Vibration can also start an avalanche. Vibrations can be created by thunder, gun shot, explosions, loud noises, or even shouting. The slope of the mountain is also a factor. Avalanches are more likely to occur if the slope angle is between 30 and 45 degrees.

Threats to Humans

Avalanches are dangerous. They can cause death or injury to humans. They also damage roads, railroads, utility lines, homes, trees, and other property.

Avalanche Protection

It is a good idea if on a snowy mountain to carry safety gear such as an air bag system and a digital transceiver. Before hiking check the avalanche forecast. Avoid dangerous slopes where avalanches are common.

Survival Techniques

If an avalanche occurs try to keep yourself above the snow. Swimming actions have been found to keep people near the surface. Stick your hand up as you move as this will help your friends find you and pull you out. Keep an area clear in front of your face so that you can breath.

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